How the anti-gender movement spread across Europe

The Hate Review

Ireland

Country Group: Contamination-led

Key indicators in 2025: Contamination 2.33 / 4  ·  Impact 1.55 / 4

The Irish anti-gender landscape has undergone a significant structural transformation since the 2000s. The Catholic Church, once its dominant actor, has progressively lost institutional credibility and public standing, with its role increasingly supplanted by a dense ecosystem of secular organisations — the Pro Life Campaign, the Iona Institute, The Countess, and a wave of newly founded parent and so-called “gender critical” groups. These operate alongside dedicated media infrastructure in Gript Media and transnational networks including CitizenGO and ADF International. The movement’s most significant political vehicle is Aontú, founded in 2019 from the wreckage of an anti-abortion legislative defeat. Its strategy has shifted over the period from direct constitutional campaigning to regulatory pressure, free speech framing and institutional attrition. Despite repeated defeats in referendums on abortion and marriage, the movement achieved two significant victories in 2024.

Timeline of anti-gender activity in Ireland
Year Abortion & Reproductive Rights Sex & Relationship Education LGBTIQ+ Visibility Partnerships, Marriage & Family Legal Gender Recognition & Healthcare Istanbul Convention Language & Gender Studies Civil Society & Democratic Space
1990s
2000
O
2001
2002
PA
2003
2004
O
2005
2006
2007
M
O
2008
M
2009
M
2010
M
O
2011
M
2012
MA
2013
OM
2014
M
L
A
2015
M
OIAT
O
2016
M
2017
M
2018
OMIT
2019
M
A
2020
M
2021
M
P
2022
M
A
M
2023
OMD
OM
OMT
OPMAT
2024
OLM
ID
OMA
OMAT
2025
OM
OA
2026
M
IT
Actions by anti-gender actors
OOpposition to progressive law or regulation/policy PProposal or implementation of anti-gender law or regulation/policy LStrategic litigation
MProtest or demonstration IPetition or citizen initiative AAdvocacy campaign
DDisinformation campaign TTransnational interference

The evolution of the anti-gender movement in Ireland